Understanding the midwifery model

Care that treats birth as a healthy, human event

A midwife is a trained health professional who cares for you through pregnancy, birth, and the weeks that follow — with a doctor brought in when a pregnancy needs medical care.

An expectant parent cradling their pregnant belly

What is a midwife?

A midwife is a trained health professional who cares for you through pregnancy, birth, and the weeks that follow. Midwives support healthy, lower-risk pregnancies as the normal life events they usually are — with close, personal attention — and they work alongside doctors when a pregnancy needs medical care.

Midwives do more than catch babies. They provide prenatal visits, guidance, and testing during pregnancy; support through labor and birth; and postpartum care for both parent and baby, often including feeding and breastfeeding support.

Choosing a midwife doesn't mean choosing a home birth, and it doesn't mean giving up your doctor.

Midwifery model of care:
a whole-person approach that treats pregnancy and birth as healthy, normal events, with close personal support and a doctor brought in if medical needs arise.
A parent holding their newborn
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midwife-attended births a day in Virginia

Care through every stage

Midwives care for you across the whole journey — not just on the big day. Tap a stage to see what that looks like.

Prenatal

Care and monitoring throughout pregnancy.

  • Regular visits and screenings
  • Monitoring you and your baby's growth
  • Guidance, questions, and birth planning

Birth

Support and clinical care through labor and delivery.

  • Monitoring and hands-on care in labor
  • Comfort measures to manage pain and steady support
  • Delivery in the setting you choose — coordinating with a doctor if needed

Postpartum

Care for you and your baby after birth.

  • Recovery care and newborn checks
  • Mental-health and wellbeing check-ins
  • Support as you settle in

Feeding & beyond

Feeding support and the longer road.

  • Breastfeeding and feeding help
  • Connection to lactation professionals
  • Well-person and ongoing care

Where midwives practice

In more places than most people picture — choosing a midwife doesn't determine where you give birth. Tap a setting to learn more.

The most common setting for midwife-attended births in the U.S. Midwives and physicians work side by side, with full medical resources on hand if they're needed.

Midwives licensed in Virginia, 2026

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Certified Nurse-Midwives (CNMs)
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Certified Professional Midwives (CPMs)
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Certified Midwives (CMs)

Types of midwives

Not all midwives train the same way, and the letters after a midwife's name tell you about their education and where they usually practice. Most midwives in Virginia are CNMs or CPM/LMs.

CNM

Certified Nurse-Midwife

A registered nurse with a graduate degree in midwifery. Licensed in every U.S. state, including Virginia, can prescribe medication, and practices in all settings — most often hospitals, but also birth centers and homes.

CPM · Licensed Midwife (VA)

Certified Professional Midwife

Trained specifically in out-of-hospital birthing, through an accredited program or supervised apprenticeship. Like CNMs, CPMs pass a comprehensive written examination. Licensed or legally recognized in 37 states and the District of Columbia, including Virginia, where a state-licensed CPM is called a Licensed Midwife (LM) — who may obtain, possess, and administer the medications and devices used within the LM’s scope of practice.

CM

Certified Midwife

Identical graduate education and scope of practice to a CNM, without a nursing degree. Can prescribe medications and practice in all settings. Licensed in Virginia and 12 other states plus the District of Columbia.

What they share matters more than what sets them apart: every certified midwife is trained to support healthy birth, to recognize when a pregnancy needs a doctor, and to make that connection.
Direct-entry midwife:
a midwife who trains through midwifery education or apprenticeship rather than through nursing. CPMs and CMs are direct-entry midwives.
A midwife and family supporting a laboring mother at home

Midwife vs. doula

A midwife is a clinical provider who can deliver babies and manage the health of pregnancy and birth. A doula offers steady emotional, physical, and informational support before, during, and after birth.

Midwife

  • Clinical provider who can deliver babies
  • Manages the health of pregnancy and birth
  • Refers to a doctor when medical needs arise

Doula

  • Not a clinical provider; doesn't deliver babies
  • Emotional, physical, and informational support
  • Before, during, and after birth
Plenty of families choose both — a midwife or doctor for care, and a doula alongside. Teammates, not substitutes.

Common myths, cleared up

A few of the most common misconceptions — and what's actually true. Tap a myth.

Fact

A midwife is a clinical provider who can deliver babies and manage the mother and baby's health during pregnancy and birth. A doula offers non-medical support. Many families have both — they are teammates, not substitutes.

Fact

Most midwife-attended births in the U.S. happen in hospitals. Midwives also practice in birth centers, clinics, and homes.

Fact

Midwives specialize in healthy pregnancies — and when a pregnancy becomes more complex, they often keep caring for you alongside a physician, so you don't necessarily give up care from your midwife.

Fact

You can get prenatal care from a midwife and still deliver in a hospital or with a physician. Choosing a midwife now doesn't close any doors.

Fact

Midwives do more than care for pregnancy. While the childbearing years are the primary focus, many midwives also provide newborn care in the first four weeks, and primary sexual and reproductive care from puberty through and beyond menopause.

Midwives don't work alone.

They collaborate with physicians, nurses, doulas, and community health workers — and receiving care from a midwife never limits your options.

See how collaborative care works